Word Order in Passé Composé

May 26, 2011 § 2 Comments

This isn’t a pretty chart, but I haven’t been able to fit a pretty chart within the parameters of the wordpress page. Here is the word order for all the pronouns in passé composé. Basically it’s the same word order as in present tense or with two verb phrases, but the pronouns and negation all go around the auxiliary verb.

**when the direct object or direct object pronoun comes before the verb, one adds an e or a s to the past participle to match the past participle to the DIRECT OBJECT. Not necessarily noticeable in spoken language, but good and impressive when you get it right in written language.**

SUBJECT … NE … REFLEXIVE … IOP … DOP … IOP … Y … EN … AUX VERB … PAS … PAST PARTICIPLE … rest of sentence

* reflexive pronouns are me, te, se, nous, vous, se
*first iop is me, te, nous, vous
*dop is me, te, le, la, nous, vous, les
* second iop is lui, leur
* pas list is pas, rien, jamais, plus, pas encore, guère, etc.
* remember that personne and que come after the past participle

Examples

nous l’avons lu – we read it
je lui ai parlé – I talked to her
est-ce que tu leur as rendu visite?
Elle lui a télephoné
Ils les ont appelés

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